Physics & Chemistry
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Play This Puzzle →A few sample clues
In 1956, this physicist's experiment with cobalt-60 showed that nature does not always conserve mirror symmetry.
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In 1975, this biochemist developed a chain-termination method for reading out the exact order of DNA's building blocks.
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In 1843, this physicist measured how mechanical work converts into heat, giving his name to a unit of energy.
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In 1819, this physicist observed a bright spot at the center of a shadow, confirming light diffracts like a wave.
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In 1648, this thinker had a barometer carried up a mountain to show that air pressure drops with altitude.
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All 53 questions in this topic, with answers — use it to study, or just browse. Every actual play of the puzzle only pulls a random handful of these into one game, so knowing them all here won't spoil which ones show up or where they're hidden in the grid. Play it here.
A famous 1953 flask experiment simulating early Earth's atmosphere bears a student's name and that of his mentor.
UREYA famous, possibly embellished 1752 kite-and-key experiment is credited to this American founding father.
FRANKLINAround 1662, this chemist showed that a gas's pressure and volume are inversely related at constant temperature.
BOYLEIn 1800, this Italian physicist built the first true battery, a stack of alternating metal discs and brine-soaked cloth.
VOLTAAround 1909, this physicist showed that gravitational mass and inertial mass are equivalent to a very high precision.
EOTVOSGalileo's inclined-plane rolling-ball experiments helped disprove this ancient Greek philosopher's ideas about motion.
ARISTOTLEIn 1676, this astronomer made the first quantitative estimate of the speed of light by timing eclipses of a Jovian moon.
ROEMERIn 1919, this astronomer photographed stars during a solar eclipse to confirm that gravity bends starlight.
EDDINGTONIn 1956, this physicist and a partner detected the neutrino near a nuclear reactor, decades after it was first predicted.
REINESIn 1983, this chemist devised a method to rapidly copy a specific stretch of DNA millions of times over.
MULLISIn 1971, two scientists flew atomic clocks around the world on commercial flights to test relativity's prediction of time dilation.
KEATINGIn 1921, this chemist discovered that some elements can exist as atoms with the same protons but different internal energy states.
HAHNIn 1783, this chemist showed that combustion involves combining with a gas he named oxygen, ending phlogiston theory.
LAVOISIERIn the early 1900s, this chemist and William Ramsay showed that trapped alpha particles from radioactive decay turn into helium gas.
SODDYIn 1887, this physicist generated and detected radio waves in his lab, confirming Maxwell's electromagnetic theory.
HERTZIn 1884, this chemist proposed that salts split into charged particles when dissolved in water, a controversial idea at the time.
ARRHENIUSIn 1831, this scientist wound wire around an iron ring to discover electromagnetic induction.
FARADAYIn 1798, this scientist used a delicate torsion balance to measure the strength of gravity in a laboratory.
CAVENDISHIn 1862, this scientist analyzed the sun's light and identified hydrogen among the elements present in it.
ANGSTROMIn 1911, researchers under Ernest Rutherford fired particles at gold foil; two of them lent their names to the experiment.
GEIGERIn 1833, this chemist measured how quickly different gases pass through a small hole, establishing a law of effusion.
GRAHAMIn 1901, this chemist separated plant pigments by passing them through a column of powder, inventing a technique used in every modern lab.
TSVETIn 1973, this chemist led a team through the extraordinarily complex total synthesis of vitamin B12.
WOODWARDIn 1942, this Italian-American physicist achieved the first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction beneath a stadium.
FERMIIn 1897, this physicist's cathode-ray tube experiments led to the discovery of the electron.
THOMSONIn the 1890s, two British scientists isolated a whole new family of unreactive elements from the air, now called the noble gases.
RAMSAYIn 1848, this chemist hand-sorted mirror-image tartrate crystals, founding the study of molecular handedness.
PASTEURIn 1982, this French physicist's experiment confirmed that entangled particles violate a classical inequality proposed by Bell.
ASPECTIn 1809, this chemist found that gases combine in simple whole-number volume ratios, a key clue toward atomic theory.
LUSSACIn 1922, an experiment by two German physicists sent silver atoms through a magnetic field to reveal quantized particle spin.
STERNIn 1828, this chemist made urea from inorganic materials, weakening the belief that only living things make organic compounds.
WOHLERIn 1820, this scientist noticed a nearby compass needle deflect near a live wire, linking electricity and magnetism.
OERSTEDA landmark 1789 sealed-container experiment showed that a chemical reaction never changes an ingredient's total _ _ _ _.
MASSIn 1938, two chemists bombarded uranium with neutrons and found lighter elements afterward, a process now called nuclear _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
FISSIONA famous 1887 experiment by two American scientists found no evidence of the hypothetical 'luminiferous ether.'
MICHELSONIn 1845, this scientist had trumpeters play from a moving train to demonstrate a pitch-shifting effect now named for him.
DOPPLERBetween 1807 and 1810, this chemist used electrolysis to isolate potassium, sodium, calcium, and several other elements.
DAVYIn 1878, this chemist showed that dissolving a solute lowers a solution's vapor pressure and freezing point.
RAOULTIn 1851, this physicist hung a long pendulum in a Paris dome to visibly demonstrate that the Earth rotates.
FOUCAULTIn the early 1840s, this physician-physicist measured heat produced by muscular work, helping establish energy conservation.
MAYERBetween 1909 and 1913, this physicist used charged droplets suspended in an electric field to measure a fundamental charge.
MILLIKANBetween 1940 and 1950, this chemist and his team created and isolated five new transuranium elements, reshaping the periodic table.
SEABORGIn 1654, this scientist used two bronze hemispheres and a vacuum pump to dramatically demonstrate atmospheric pressure.
GUERICKEStarting in 1896, Becquerel and a husband-and-wife scientist duo investigated a spontaneous form of radiation they later named.
CURIEAround 1805, this scientist's two-slit light experiment produced an interference pattern, supporting light's wave nature.
YOUNGIn 1827, a botanist studying pollen grains in water observed a random jittering motion later named after him.
BROWNIn 1609, this astronomer observed four moons orbiting Jupiter, evidence against a strictly Earth-centered universe.
GALILEOIn 1962, this chemist made the first noble-gas compound by reacting xenon with a platinum fluoride, upending old assumptions.
BARTLETT